模型実験による燃焼率の推定
開口の少ない区画火災の燃焼率と火災温度
中村 正寿*1・道越 真太郎*1・坂本 成弘*2・長谷見 雄二*3
開口が少ない室における火災では,空気量が不足することによって燃焼率が低下することが考えられる。一方,耐火設計の実務では火災室内の収納可燃物は完全燃焼を前提とすることが多い。燃焼率を定量的に推定できればより適切な安全評価が可能になると期待される。そこで本研究では,幾何学的に相似な区画模型実験について検討を行い,燃焼率を推定できること,及び,燃焼率から火災温度を計算できることを確認した。
キーワード: | 区画火災,燃焼率,火災室温度,模型実験,一層ゾーンモデル |
*1 技術センター 建築技術研究所 防災研究室
*2 技術センター 建築技術開発部 ニューフロンティア技術開発室
*3 早稲田大学 理工学術院
Reduced-scale Tests on Combustion Efficiency
Combustion Efficiency and Temperature in Fire Compartment with Small Openings
Masatoshi NAKAMURA*1, Shintaro MICHIKOSHI*1, Shigehiro SAKAMOTO*2 and Yuji HASEMI*3
The combustion efficiency in a fire compartment with small openings is reduced when the amount of air is smaller than the amount of fuel, although complete combustion is usually assumed for fire resistance design. This study discusses whether combustion efficiency can be measured using reduced-scale models. The experiments were conducted using two experimental compartments differing in linear size by a factor of 2 but geometrically similar in their over-all proportions. The measured combustion efficiencies in the two enclosures showed good agreement. The fire temperature calculated from the measured combustion efficiency was consistent with the measured fire temperature. This data will be useful for fire-resistance designs that consider combustion efficiency.
Keywords: | compartment fire, combusition efficiency, temperature in fire compartment, scale test, one zone model |
*1 Disaster Prevention Research Section, Building Engineering Research Institute, Technology Center
*2 Advanced Technology Development Section, Building Technology Development Department, Technology Center
*3 Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University
41 - REPORT OF TAISEI TECHNOLOGY CENTER No.44 2011