地表面の芝生化による夏季熱環境の緩和効果に関する検討

−数値シミュレーションによる土の校庭と芝生の校庭の比較−

梅田 和彦*1・屋祢下 亮*1・大黒 雅之*1・深尾 仁*1

ヒートアイランド現象の緩和策として、都市中心部に点在する小中学校の校庭を芝生にして(以下、校庭緑化)、学校を「緑の拠点」にする動きが東京都や大阪市ででてきている。校庭緑化を実施できれば、緑化面積の大幅な増大が困難である大都市中心部に、数百m2から数千m2の緑地が誕生し、そのスケールメリットを生かした夏季の暑熱環境の緩和を期待できる。
本論文では、現地調査と屋外実験の測定結果を用いて,校庭が土の場合や芝生の場合の各状況における夏季の熱環境を数値シミュレーションで比較した結果について報告する。

キーワード: 校庭緑化,芝生,温熱環境,現地調査,実験,数値シミュレーション


Investigation on Climatic Mitigation Effect in Summer by Lawn Planting in Ground

- Comparison between Soil and Lawn by CFD Analysis on School Playground -

Kazuhiko UMEDA *1, Makoto YANESHITA *1, Masayuki OGURO *1 and Hitoshi FUKAO *1

In the Tokyo metropolitan area and Osaka City, there is the move of assigning school playgrounds to "Bases of Planting" by introducing "Lawn Planting in School Playground", so called School Turf at schools, which are scattered in the urban area, to mitigate the heat-island phenomenon. If School Turfing is implemented, the new green area of several hundreds m2 - several thousands m2 is created in the central parts of large cities which has been thought to be difficult. As a result, the mitigation on urban heat island is expected.
This paper reports the result of comparison of outdoor thermal environments when the school playground is covered with lawn or not during summer using CFD analysis based on the results of measurement in a primary school which is located in a ward of Tokyo and the results of outdoor experiments in summer.

keywords: lawn planting in school playground, lawn, thermal environment, field measurement, experiment, numerical simulation


*1 技術センター建築技術研究所環境研究室

Copyright © 2005 TAISEI Corporation. All rights reserved.